The Internet of Things' (IoT) explosive expansion has led to the deployment of a large number of low-power, resource-constrained devices in smart cities, smart healthcare, and industrial automation. Because of their low energy, computing power, and memory, these devices still face substantial challenges in guaranteeing secure connection. For such contexts, traditional security measures are frequently excessively complicated and energy-intensive. The secure communication paradigm proposed in this paper is especially made for ultra-low power Internet of Things networks. To guarantee the secrecy, integrity, and authenticity of data, the technique uses mutual authentication, elliptic curve cryptography-based key distribution, and lightweight symmetric encryption. In order to balance security and energy efficiency, an adaptive security system also dynamically modifies protection levels according to device capability and data sensitivity. According to simulation results, the suggested approach preserves scalability and reliability for low-cost IoT installations while lowering energy consumption, communication overhead, and latency when compared to traditional protocols like TLS and DTLS. Low Power Internet of Things (IoT) networks are being used more and more in vital areas like environmental sensing, industrial automation, smart cities, and healthcare monitoring. However, the application of traditional security methods is difficult due to their limited resources, including memory, computing power, and energy. With an emphasis on scalable key management, energy-efficient authentication, and lightweight cryptographic operations, this study suggests a secure communication architecture especially made for low power Internet of Things networks. The suggested paradigm incorporates a hierarchical trust-based key distribution method to minimize computational complexity, lightweight hash-based message authentication for integrity, and symmetric key encryption for data confidentiality. The architecture uses mutual authentication and dynamic session key generation to reduce communication costs and improve resilience against typical threats such replay attacks, node impersonation, eavesdropping, and denial-of-service assaults. The lifespan of the network is also increased by energy-aware security scheduling, which makes sure that security processes adjust to node power levels. In comparison to conventional security frameworks, performance evaluation shows that the suggested model achieves high security guarantees with less computing complexity and energy consumption. The model may be deployed in wireless sensor and IoT networks with little resources and is scalable and flexible enough to adapt to diverse IoT contexts. A useful and effective framework for secure communication in next-generation low power Internet of Things systems is contributed by this work.
Internet of Things (IoT), Low-Power IoT Networks, Secure Communication, Lightweight Cryptography, Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC)
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